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CHAPTER 8
INTERIOR FINISHES
SECTION 801 FLAMESPREAD.Thepropagationofflameoverasurface.
GENERAL FLAME SPREAD INDEX. A comparative measure,
801.1Scope.Provisionsofthischaptershallgoverntheuseof expressed as a dimensionless number, derived from visual
materials used as interior finishes, trim and decorative materi measurementsofthespreadofflameversustimeforamaterial
-
als. tested in accordance with ASTM E 84.
801.1.1 Interior finishes. These provisions shall limit the INTERIORFINISH.Interiorfinishincludesinteriorwalland
allowable flame spread and smoke development based on ceiling finish and interior floor finish.
location and occupancy classification. INTERIORFLOORFINISH.Theexposedfloorsurfacesof
Exceptions: buildings including coverings applied over a finished floor or
1. Materials having a thickness less than 0.036 inch stair, including risers.
(0.9mm)applieddirectlytothesurfaceofwallsor INTERIORWALLANDCEILINGFINISH.Theexposed
ceilings. interior surfaces of buildings, including but not limited to:
fixedormovablewallsandpartitions;toiletroomprivacyparti
2. Exposed portions of structural members comply- -
ingwiththerequirementsforbuildingsofTypeIV tions; columns; ceilings; and interior wainscoting, paneling or
construction in Section 602.4 shall not be subject other finish applied structurally or for decoration, acoustical
to interior finish requirements. correction,surfaceinsulation,structuralfireresistanceorsimi-
[F] 801.1.2 Decorative materials and trim. Decorative lar purposes, but not including trim.
materials and trim shall be restricted by combustibility and SMOKE-DEVELOPED INDEX. A comparative measure,
theflamepropagationperformancecriteriaofNFPA701,in expressed as a dimensionless number, derived from measure-
accordance with Section 806. mentsofsmokeobscurationversustimeforamaterialtestedin
801.1.3 Applicability. For buildings in flood hazard areas accordance with ASTM E 84.
as established in Section 1612.3, interior finishes, trim and TRIM.Picturemolds,chairrails, baseboards, handrails, door
decorative materials below the design flood elevation shall andwindowframesandsimilardecorativeorprotectivemate-
be flood-damage-resistant materials. rials used in fixed applications.
801.2 Application. Combustible materials shall be permitted
to be used as finish for walls, ceilings, floors and other interior SECTION 803
surfaces of buildings. WALL AND CEILING FINISHES
801.2.1 Windows. Show windows in the exterior walls of -
the first story above grade shall be permitted to be of wood 803.1 General.Interior wall and ceiling finishes shall be clas
or of unprotected metal framing. sified in accordance with ASTM E 84. Such interior finish
materials shall be grouped in the following classes in accor-
801.2.2 Foam plastics. Foam plastics shall not be used as dance with their flame spread and smoke-developed indexes.
interior finish or trim except as provided in Section 2603.9 Class A:Flame spread 0-25; smoke-developed 0-450.
or2604.Thissectionshallapplybothtoexposedfoamplas- Class B: Flame spread 26-75; smoke-developed 0-450.
ticsandtofoamplasticsusedinconjunctionwithatextileor
vinyl facing or cover. Class C: Flame spread 76-200; smoke-developed 0-450.
Exception: Materials, other than textiles, tested in accor-
SECTION 802 dance with Section 803.2.
DEFINITIONS 803.2. Interior wall or ceiling finishes other than textiles.
802.1 General. The following words and terms shall, for the Interiorwallorceilingfinishes,otherthantextiles,shallbeper-
purposes of this chapter and as used elsewhere in this code, mitted to be tested in accordance with NFPA 286. Finishes
have the meanings shown herein. testedinaccordancewithNFPA286shallcomplywithSection
803.2.1.
EXPANDED VINYL WALL COVERING. Wall covering 803.2.1 Acceptance criteria. During the 40 kW exposure,
consisting of a woven textile backing, an expanded vinyl base the interior finish shall comply with Item 1. During the 160
coat layer and a nonexpanded vinyl skin coat. The expanded kWexposure, the interior finish shall comply with Item 2.
base coat layer is a homogeneous vinyl layer that contains a During the entire test, the interior finish shall comply with
blowing agent. During processing, the blowing agent decom- Items 3 and 4.
poses,causingthislayertoexpandbyformingclosedcells.The
totalthicknessofthewallcoveringisapproximately0.055inch 1. Duringthe40kWexposure,flamesshallnotspreadto
➡to 0.070 inch (1.4 mm to 1.78 mm). the ceiling.
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INTERIOR FINISHES
2. During the 160 kW exposure, the interior finish shall 2. Materials where the qualifying tests were made
comply with the following: withthematerialsuspendedorfurredoutfromthe
2.1. Flame shall not spread to the outer extremity noncombustible backing.
of the sample on any wall or ceiling. 803.5 Interior finish requirements based on group. Interior
2.2. Flashover, as defined in NFPA 286, shall not wall and ceiling finish shall have a flame spread index not
occur. greater than that specified in Table 803.5 for the group and
3. The peak rate of heat release throughout the NFPA location designated. Interior wall and ceiling finish materials,
286 test shall not exceed 800 kW. other than textiles, tested in accordance with NFPA 286 and
meetingtheacceptancecriteriaofSection803.2.1,shallbeper-
4. The total smoke released throughout the NFPA 286 mittedtobeusedwhereaClassAclassificationinaccordance
test shall not exceed 1,000 m2. with ASTM E 84 is required.
803.3Stability.Interiorfinishmaterialsregulatedbythischap- 803.6 Textiles. Where used as interior wall or ceiling finish
ter shall be applied or otherwise fastened in such a manner that materials, textiles, including materials having woven or
such materials will not readily become detached where sub- nonwoven,napped,tufted,loopedorsimilarsurfaceandcarpet
jected to room temperatures of 200°F (93°C) for not less than and similar textile materials, shall comply with the require-
30 minutes. ments of Section 803.6.1, 803.6.2 or 803.6.3.
803.4 Application. Where these materials are applied on 803.6.1 Surface burning characteristic test. Textile wall
walls, ceilings or structural elements required to have a and ceiling coverings shall have a Class A flame spread
fire-resistance rating or to be of noncombustible construction, index in accordance with ASTM E 84 and be protected by
they shall comply with the provisions of this section. automatic sprinklers installed in accordance with Section
803.4.1 Direct attachment and furred construction. 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2.
Where walls and ceilings are required by any provision in 803.6.2 Room corner test, textiles. Textile wall coverings
this code to be of fire-resistance-rated or noncombustible shall meet the criteria of Section 803.6.2.1 when tested in
construction, the interior finish material shall be applied themannerintendedforuseinaccordancewiththeMethod
directly against such construction or to furring strips not Bprotocol of NFPA 265 using the product-mounting sys-
exceeding 1.75 inches (44 mm) applied directly against tem, including adhesive.
suchsurfaces.Theinterveningspacesbetweensuchfurring 803.6.2.1 Method B test protocol. During the 40 kW
strips shall be filled with inorganic or Class A material or exposure, the interior finish shall comply with Item 1.
shall be fireblocked at a maximum of 8 feet (2438 mm) in During the 150 kW exposure, the interior finish shall
any direction in accordance with Section 717. comply with Item 2. During the entire test, the interior
803.4.2Set-outconstruction.Wherewallsandceilingsare finish shall comply with Item 3.
required to be of fire-resistance-rated or noncombustible 1. During the 40 kW exposure, flames shall not
construction and walls are set out or ceilings are dropped spread to the ceiling.
distances greater than specified in Section 803.4.1, Class A
finish materials shall be used except where interior finish 2. During the 150 kW exposure, the interior finish
materialsareprotectedonbothsidesbyanautomaticsprin- shall comply with the following:
kler system or attached to noncombustible backing or fur- -
ring strips installed as specified in Section 803.4.1. The 2.1. Flameshallnotspreadtotheouterextremi
hangers and assembly members of such dropped ceilings ties of the samplesonthe8-footby12-foot
that are below the main ceiling line shall be of (203 mm by 305 mm) walls.
noncombustible materials, except that in Type III and V 2.2. Flashover,asdescribedinNFPA265,shall
- not occur.
construction, fire-retardant-treated wood shall be permit
ted. The construction of each set-out wall shall be of 3. The total smoke released throughout the NFPA
fire-resistance-rated construction as required elsewhere in 265 test shall not exceed 1000 m2.
this code.
803.4.3 Heavy timber construction. Wall and ceiling fin- 803.6.3 Roomcornertest,ceilingandwallfinish.Textile
ishes of all classes as permitted in this chapter that are wallandceilingcoveringsshallmeetthecriteriaofSection
installed directly against the wood decking or planking of 803.2.1whentestedinthemannerintendedforuseinaccor-
Type IV construction or to wood furring strips applied dance with NFPA 286 using the product-mounting system,
directly to the wood decking or planking shall be including adhesive.
fireblocked as specified in Section 803.4.1. 803.7 Expanded vinyl wall coverings. Expanded vinyl wall
803.4.4 Materials. An interior wall or ceiling finish that is coverings shall comply with the requirements for textile wall
not more than 0.25 inch (6.4 mm) thick shall be applied and ceiling materials and their use shall comply with Section
directly against a noncombustible backing. 803.6.
Exceptions: Exception:Expandedvinylwallorceilingcoveringscom-
plying with Section 803.2 shall not be required to comply
1. Class A materials. with Section 803.1 or 803.6.
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INTERIOR FINISHES
803.8 Insulation. Thermal and acoustical insulation shall 803.9.1.2Fire-resistance-ratedconstruction.Acousti-
comply with Section 719. cal ceiling systems that are part of fire-resistance-rated
construction shall be installed in the same manner used
803.9Acousticalceilingsystems.Thequality,design,fabrica
- in the assembly tested and shall comply with the provi
-
tion and erection of metal suspension systems for acoustical sions of Chapter 7.
tile and lay-in panel ceilings in buildings or structures shall
conformwithgenerallyacceptedengineeringpractice,thepro
-
visionsofthischapterandotherapplicablerequirementsofthis SECTION 804
code. INTERIOR FLOOR FINISH
803.9.1 Materials and installation. Acoustical materials 804.1General.Interiorfloorfinishandfloorcoveringmateri-
complying with the interior finish requirements of Section als shall comply with Sections 804.2 through 804.4.1.
803shallbeinstalledinaccordancewiththemanufacturer’s Exception: Floor finishes and coverings of a traditional
recommendations and applicable provisions for applying type,suchaswood,vinyl,linoleumorterrazzo,andresilient
interior finish. floor covering materials that are not comprised of fibers.
803.9.1.1 Suspended acoustical ceilings. Suspended 804.2 Classification. Interior floor finish and floor covering
acoustical ceiling systems shall be installed in accor- materials required by Section 804.4.1 to be of Class I or II
dancewiththeprovisionsofASTMC635andASTMC materialsshallbeclassifiedinaccordancewithNFPA253.The
classification referred to herein corresponds to the classifica
636. -
TABLE 803.5
INTERIOR WALL AND CEILING FINISH REQUIREMENTS BYOCCUPANCYk
l
SPRINKLERED NONSPRINKLERED
Exit enclosures and Rooms and Exit enclosures and Rooms and
a,b c a,b c
GROUP exit passageways Corridors enclosed spaces exit passageways Corridors enclosed spaces
d e
A-1 & A-2 B B C A A B
f d
A-3, A-4, A-5 B B C A A C
B, E, M, R-1, R-4 B C C A B C
FCCCBCC
g
HBBCAAB
I-1 B C C A B B
h, i AAB
I-2 B B B
j
I-3 A A CAAB
h, i
I-4 B B B AAB
R-2CCCBBC
R-3CCCCCC
SCCCBBC
U No restrictions No restrictions
2
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 square foot = 0.0929m .
a. ClassCinteriorfinishmaterialsshallbepermittedforwainscottingorpanelingofnotmorethan1,000squarefeetofappliedsurfaceareainthegradelobbywhere
applied directly to a noncombustible base or over furring strips applied to a noncombustible base and fireblocked as required by Section 803.4.1.
-
b. InexitenclosuresofbuildingslessthanthreestoriesinheightofotherthanGroupI-3,ClassBinteriorfinishfornonsprinkleredbuildingsandClassCinteriorfin
ish for sprinklered buildings shall be permitted.
c. Requirementsforroomsandenclosedspacesshallbebaseduponspacesenclosedbypartitions.Whereafire-resistanceratingisrequiredforstructuralelements,
the enclosing partitions shall extend from the floor to the ceiling. Partitions that do not comply with this shall be considered enclosing spaces and the rooms or
spacesonbothsidesshallbeconsideredone.Indeterminingtheapplicablerequirementsforroomsandenclosedspaces,thespecificoccupancythereofshallbethe
governing factor regardless of the group classification of the building or structure.
d. Lobbyareas in Group A-1, A-2 and A-3 occupancies shall not be less than Class B materials.
e. Class C interior finish materials shall be permitted in places of assembly with an occupant load of 300 persons or less.
f. For places of religious worship, wood used for ornamental purposes, trusses, paneling or chancel furnishing shall be permitted.
g. Class B material is required where the building exceeds two stories.
h. Class C interior finish materials shall be permitted in administrative spaces.
i. Class C interior finish materials shall be permitted in rooms with a capacity of four persons or less.
j. Class B materials shall be permitted as wainscotting extending not more than 48 inches above the finished floor in corridors.
k. Finish materials as provided for in other sections of this code.
-
l. Applieswhentheexitenclosures,exitpassageways,corridorsorroomsandenclosedspacesareprotectedbyasprinklersysteminstalledinaccordancewithSec
tion 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2.
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INTERIOR FINISHES
tions determined by NFPA 253 as follows: Class I, 0.45 805.1.3 Insulating boards. Combustible insulating boards
2 2 1
watts/cm or greater; Class II, 0.22 watts/cm or greater. not more than / inch (12.7 mm) thick and covered with
2
804.3 Testing and identification. Interior floor finish and approved finish flooring are permitted where attached
floor covering materials shall be tested by an approved agency directly to a noncombustible floor assembly or to wood
in accordance with NFPA 253 and identified by a hang tag or subflooring attached to sleepers as provided for in Section
othersuitablemethodsoastoidentifythemanufacturerorsup- 805.1.1.
plier and style, and shall indicate the interior floor finish or
floor covering classification according to Section 804.2. Car
- [F] SECTION 806
pet-type floor coverings shall be tested as proposed for use, DECORATIVE MATERIALS AND TRIM
including underlayment. Test reports confirming the informa- [F]806.1Generalrequirements.InoccupanciesinGroupsA,
tionprovidedinthemanufacturer’sproductidentificationshall E,IandR-1anddormitoriesinGroupR-2,curtains,draperies,
be furnished to the building official upon request. hangingsandotherdecorativematerialssuspendedfromwalls
804.4 Interior floor finish requirements. In all occupancies, orceilingsshallmeettheflamepropagationperformancecrite
-
interior floor finish and floor covering materials in exit enclo- ria of NFPA 701 in accordance with Section 806.2 or be
sures,exitpassageways,corridorsandroomsorspacesnotsep- noncombustible.
arated from corridors by full-height partitions extending from InGroupsI-1andI-2,combustibledecorativematerialsshall
the floor to the underside of the ceiling shall withstand a mini- meet the flame propagation criteria of NFPA 701 unless the
mum critical radiant flux as specified in Section 804.4.1. decorativematerials,including,butnotlimitedto,photographs
804.4.1 Minimumcriticalradiant flux. Interior floor fin- andpaintings,areofsuchlimitedquantitiesthatahazardoffire
development or spread is not present. In Group I-3, combusti
ish and floor covering materialsin exit enclosures, exit pas- -
sageways and corridors shall not be less than Class I in ble decorative materials are prohibited.
GroupsI-2andI-3andnotlessthanClassIIinGroupsA,B, Fixed or movable walls and partitions, paneling, wall pads
E, H, I-4, M, R-1, R-2 and S. In all areas, floor covering andcrashpadsappliedstructurallyorfordecoration,acoustical
materialsshallcomplywiththeDOCFF-1“pilltest”(CPSC correction,surfaceinsulationorotherpurposesshallbeconsid-
16 CFR, Part 1630). ered interior finish if they cover 10 percent or more of the wall
Exception: Where a building is equipped throughout or of the ceiling area, and shall not be considered decorative
with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with materials or furnishings.
Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2, Class II materials are In Group BandMoccupancies,fabricpartitionssuspended
permitted in any area where Class I materials are from the ceiling and not supported by the floor shall meet the
required, and materials complying with the DOC FF-1 flame propagation performance criteria in accordance with
“pill test” (CPSC 16 CFR, Part 1630) are permitted in Section 806.2 and NFPA 701 or shall be noncombustible.
any area where Class II materials are required. [F] 806.1.1 Noncombustible materials. The permissible
amountofnoncombustibledecorative material shall not be
SECTION 805 limited.
COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS IN TYPES I AND II [F] 806.1.2 Combustible decorative materials. The per-
CONSTRUCTION missible amount of decorative materials meeting the flame
propagation performance criteria of NFPA 701 shall not
805.1 Application. Combustible materials installed on or -
exceed 10 percent of the aggregate area of walls and ceil
embedded in floors of buildings of Type I or II construction ings.
shall comply with Sections 805.1.1 through 805.1.3. Exceptions:
Exception:Stagesandplatformsconstructedinaccordance 1. In auditoriums in Group A, the permissible
with Sections 410.3 and 410.4, respectively. amount of decorative material meeting the flame
805.1.1 Subfloor construction. Floor sleepers, bucks and propagation performance criteria of NFPA 701
- shallnotexceed50percentoftheaggregateareaof
nailingblocksshallnotbeconstructedofcombustiblemate walls and ceiling where the building is equipped
rials, unless the space between the fire-resistance-rated
floor construction and the flooring is either solidly filled throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in
with approved noncombustible materials or fireblocked in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 and where the
accordance with Section 717, and provided that such open material is installed in accordance with Section
- 803.4.
spaces shall not extend under or through permanent parti
tions or walls. 2. The amount of fabric partitions suspended from
805.1.2 Woodfinishflooring.Woodfinishflooring isper- theceilingandnotsupportedbythefloorinGroup
mitted to be attached directly to the embedded or B and M occupancies shall not be limited.
fireblocked wood sleepers and shall be permitted where [F] 806.2 Acceptance criteria and reports. Where required
-
cemented directly to the top surface of approved fire-resis by Section 806.1, decorative materials shall be tested by an
tance-ratedfloorconstructionordirectlytoawoodsubfloor approvedagencyandmeettheflamepropagationperformance
attached to sleepers as provided for in Section 805.1.1. criteria of NFPA 701 or such materials shall be
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