CHAPTER III 
                            RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 
               A.  Qualitative Research 
                       Method used in carrying out this research was descriptive method. 
                  Descriptive method can be defined as a method that is intentionally done to 
                  collect information about a phenomenon as in the real condition (Arikunto, 
                  2010:262). According to Sugiyono (2013:8), descriptive research is usually 
                  called  as  qualitative  research  using  qualitative  method  collecting  the 
                  information toward data naturally. This qualitative research is mainly about 
                  collecting and examining verbal data; it is known to be essential in helping 
                  practicing teachers to gain “a deeper knowledge […] of learning and teaching 
                  language” (Heigham & Crocker, 2009, cited in Mahdi & Saadany, 2013:17). 
                  Descriptive method is not intentionally done to examine a hypothesis, but 
                  only to describe an authentic condition (Moloeng, 2005:3). 
                       This research was done as descriptive study. Indeed, by interviewing 
                  teachers and observing a current language classroom it was possible to find 
                  out and describe the teachers‟ perceptions of oral corrective feedback and 
                  their actual practice in EFL classroom.  
               B.  Place and Time of Research 
                  1.  The Place of Research 
                         The investigation was conducted at 3 state of junior high school in 
                     Banyumas regency. These include: 
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                                                     TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS OF …, 
                                                 LUQMAN HAFIDH MU‟IZ,  FKIP UMP,  2015 
                                                                                                                 26 
                                      SMP N 1 Sokaraja 
                                      SMP N 3 Sokaraja 
                                      SMP N 3 Banyumas 
                               2.  The Time of Research 
                                          Based  on  the  schedule,  this  research  was  conducted  on  March 
                                   2015. Table 2.1 shows the schedule of this research as follows: 
                                                                      Table 3.1  
                                                                Schedule of research 
                                         Activities           February            March               April         Mei 
                                                           1    2    3   4    1    2    3   4    1    2   3    4    1   2 
                                    Making proposal                                                                  
                                    Making                                                                             
                                    instruments 
                                    Doing 
                                    observation                                                                      
                                    and interview 
                                    Analyzing data                                                                    
                                    Making report                                                                      
                          C.  Research Participations 
                               1.  Population 
                                          Population  is  a  set  or  correlation  elements  that  was  observed 
                                   (Arikunto,  2010:  107).  Sugiyono  (2013:80)  adds  population  is 
                                   generalization  range  consisting  of  object/subject  having  quality  and 
                                   certain characteristic which is chosen by researcher to be learnt and drawn 
                                   conclusion.  Based  on  the  data  from  Dinas  Pendidikan  Banyumas 
                           
                                                                                                                       
                                                                                         TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS OF …, 
                                                                                   LUQMAN HAFIDH MU‟IZ,  FKIP UMP,  2015 
                                                                 27 
                    (Banyumas Education Department), there are 71 state junior high schools 
                    of 160 junior high schools in Banyumas. Furthermore, the data showed 
                    that  researcher  took  English  teachers  of  all  state  junior  schools  in 
                    Banyumas as a population.  
                 2.  Sampling Technique 
                        In  qualitative  research,  sampling  is  determined  based  on  the 
                    purpose, that is, to find out the information as a basic of term and theory 
                    (Moloeng,  2002:165).  Thus,  this  research  used  purposive  sampling 
                    technique.  Purposive  sampling  is  a  technique  which  takes  sample  by 
                    determining such consideration. The consideration of choosing the sample 
                    was based on the school. The school which implements curriculum 2006 
                    (KTSP). This is as a result of consideration toward the number of the 
                    population  (Arikunto,  2010:85).  In  a  fact,  English  teachers  of  those 
                    Schools  were  certified  as  a  teacher  if  they  had  graduated  in  teacher‟s 
                    requirements such certain tests. The consideration incured the research to 
                    take  English  teachers  who  had  been  certified  in  those  schools  as  the 
                    sample. 
                 3.  Sample  
                        Actually, sample is a part of numbers and characteristics of certain 
                    population  chosen  by  researcher  (Sugiyono,  2013:81).  Amount  of 
                    population  of  English  teachers  who  have  been  certified  were  too 
                    excessive  so  that  the  researcher  decided  to  minimize  the  number  of 
                    teachers dealing with schools where they teach. Therefore, there were 6 
                
                                                                   
                                                   TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS OF …, 
                                               LUQMAN HAFIDH MU‟IZ,  FKIP UMP,  2015 
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                                      English  teachers  from  3  representatives  of  junior  high  schools  which 
                                      implements  curriculum  206  in  Banyumas  regency  as  subjects  of  this 
                                      study.  
                            D.  Data Collection 
                                          Collecting data is a way used to collect, accumulate, get, or find the 
                                 data of research (Suwartono, 2014:41). Additionally, there are two influential 
                                 points in the result of research as quality of instrument research and quality of 
                                 data collection (Sugiyono, 2013:222). 
                                          In  collecting  data,  the  researcher  chose  2  techniques  in  doing 
                                 systematic steps of research. These techniques were purposed to investigate 
                                 different aspect as follows:  
                                 1.    Interview 
                                             Interview  is  one  of  techniques  to  collect  data  of  research  by 
                                       conducting  direct  communication  (conversation/dialogue)  with  the 
                                       subjects.  This  communication  happens  between  interviewer  and 
                                       interviewee. Furthermore, the interviewer is a person who delivers the 
                                       question  and  interviewee  is  a  subject  who  responds  the  interviewer‟s 
                                       question (Moleong, 2005:186).  
                                                In  this  interview, the researcher  used semi-structured interview 
                                       considering  interview  guide  as  instrument.  This  type  requires  the 
                                       researcher  to  design  or  arrange  guideline  from  the  topic  (Moleong, 
                                       2005:87).  This  guideline  acts  as  a  main  focus  of  interview.  Thus, 
                                       interview will be more effective (Suwartono, 2014:50).  
                             
                                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                 TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS OF …, 
                                                                                          LUQMAN HAFIDH MU‟IZ,  FKIP UMP,  2015