PRINCIPLES OF 
            PROGRAMMING 
                LANGUAGES
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         GVPI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING FOR WOMEN
                    OBJECTIVES
    • To understand and describe syntax and semantics of 
       programming languages
    • To understand data, data types, and basic statements
    • To understand call-return architecture and ways of 
       implementing them
    • To understand object-orientation, concurrency, and 
       event handling in programming languages
    • To develop programs in non-procedural programming 
       paradigms
                                                            2
           GVP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING FOR WOMEN
                            UNIT I 
        SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS
     • Evolution of programming languages
     • Describing syntax 
        – Context-free grammars
        – Attribute grammars
     • Describing semantics 
     • Lexical analysis
        – Parsing 
            • Recursive-decent 
            • Bottom up parsing
                                                                 3
            GVP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING FOR WOMEN
            Improved background for choosing 
                        appropriate languages
      •  C vs. Modula-3 vs. C++ for systems programming
      •  Fortran vs. APL vs. Ada for numerical computations
      •  Ada vs. Modula-2 for embedded systems
      •  Common Lisp vs. Scheme vs. Haskell for symbolic data 
         manipulation
      •  Java vs. C/CORBA for networked PC programs
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              GVP COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING FOR WOMEN