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File: Calculus Pdf 170191 | Stoc Item Download 2023-01-26 04-35-03
introduction to stochastic calculus justin salez october24 2022 2 contents 1 preliminaries 5 1 1 stochastic processes 5 1 2 brownianmotion 7 1 3 martingales 9 1 4 quadratic variation ...

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               Introduction to stochastic calculus
                       Justin Salez
                      October24,2022
       2
                           Contents
                           1 Preliminaries                                                                                                                                                      5
                                 1.1      Stochastic processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                          5
                                 1.2      Brownianmotion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                              7
                                 1.3      Martingales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                           9
                                 1.4      Quadratic variation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                         12
                                 1.5      Levy’s characterization of Brownian motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                              14
                                 1.6      Local martingales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                         15
                           2 Stochasticintegration                                                                                                                                            17
                                 2.1      TheWienerisometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                             17
                                 2.2      TheWienerintegralasaprocess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                                 19
                                 2.3      Progressive processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                         21
                                                     ˆ
                                 2.4      TheItoisometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                          22
                                                     ˆ
                                 2.5      TheItointegral as a process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                           23
                                                                   ˆ
                                 2.6      Generalized Ito integral                      .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .     25
                           3 Stochasticdifferentiation                                                                                                                                        27
                                             ˆ
                                 3.1      Ito processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                       27
                                                                                           ˆ
                                 3.2      Quadratic variation of an Ito process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                           29
                                             ˆ
                                 3.3      Ito’s Formula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                       30
                                 3.4      Exponential martingales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                           32
                                 3.5      Girsanov’s Theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                            33
                                 3.6      Anapplication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                         35
                           4 Stochasticdifferential equations                                                                                                                                 37
                                 4.1      Motivations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                         37
                                 4.2      Existence and uniqueness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                            38
                                 4.3      Practical examples                   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . . . . .          40
                                 4.4      Markovpropertyfordiffusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                               42
                                 4.5      Generator of a diffusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                          43
                                 4.6      Connectionwithpartialdifferential equations                                          .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . . . . . . .           45
                                 Disclaimer: this course is a minimal and practical introduction to the theory of stochastic
                           calculus, with an emphasis on examples and applications rather than abstract subtleties.
                                                                                                               Â
                                 Acknowledgment: Thanks are due to Josue Corujo and Damiano De Gaspari for having
                           reported manytyposinapreliminaryversionofthesenotes.
                                                                                                             3
       CONTENTS
       4
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...Introduction to stochastic calculus justin salez october contents preliminaries processes brownianmotion martingales quadratic variation levy s characterization of brownian motion local stochasticintegration thewienerisometry thewienerintegralasaprocess progressive theitoisometry theitointegral as a process generalized ito integral stochasticdifferentiation an formula exponential girsanov theorem anapplication stochasticdifferential equations motivations existence and uniqueness practical examples markovpropertyfordiffusions generator diffusion connectionwithpartialdifferential disclaimer this course is minimal the theory with emphasis on applications rather than abstract subtleties acknowledgment thanks are due josue corujo damiano de gaspari for having reported manytyposinapreliminaryversionofthesenotes...

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