Multigrade Teaching Pdf 156930 | 518300pub0repl101official0use0only1

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                                                51830
            WORLD BANK WORKING PAPER NO. 173
            AFRICA HUMAN DEVELOPMENT SERIES 
   Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedMultigrade Teaching in 
          Sub-Saharan Africa 
          Lessons from Uganda, Senegal, 
          and The Gambia
          Aidan G. Mulkeen 
          Cathal Higgins
   Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized
   Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized
   Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized
                THE WORLD BANK
                                                                                                WORLD BANK WORKING PAPER NO. 173 
                                                                                             MultigradeTeachingin
                                                                                             SubSaharanAfrica
                                                                                             LessonsfromUganda,Senegal,
                                                                                             andTheGambia
                                                                                             AidanG.Mulkeen
                                                                                             CathalHiggins
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             
                                                                                             AfricaRegionHumanDevelopmentDepartment
                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
                                                WWEB_WP_173_print_8-07-09_IrishAid_logo.pdf   1EB_WP_173_print_8-07-09_IrishAid_logo.pdf   1                                                                                                                                                                                                                               88/7/2009   12:00:59 PM/7/2009   12:00:59 PM
                                                                                             Copyright©2009
                                                                                             TheInternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopment/TheWorldBank
                                                                                             1818HStreet,N.W.
                                                                                             Washington,D.C.20433,U.S.A.
                                                                                             Allrightsreserved
                                                                                             ManufacturedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
                                                                                             FirstPrinting:August2009
                                                                                                                             Printedonrecycledpaper
                                                                                                                
                                                                                             123412111009
                                                                                             
                                                                                             WorldBankWorkingPapersarepublishedtocommunicatetheresultsoftheBanksworktothe
                                                                                             developmentcommunitywiththeleastpossibledelay.Themanuscriptofthispaperthereforehasnot
                                                                                             beenpreparedinaccordancewiththeproceduresappropriatetoformallyeditedtexts.Somesources
                                                                                             citedinthispapermaybeinformaldocumentsthatarenotreadilyavailable.
                                                                                                           Thefindings,interpretations,andconclusionsexpressedhereinarethoseoftheauthor(s)anddo
                                                                                             notnecessarilyreflecttheviewsoftheInternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopment/The
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                                                                                                           Thematerialinthispublicationiscopyrighted.Copyingand/ortransmittingportionsorallofthis
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                                                                                             OfficeofthePublisher,TheWorldBank,1818HStreetNW,Washington,DC20433,USA,Fax:202522
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                                                                                             ISBN13:9780821380659
                                                                                             eISBN:9780821380765
                                                                                             ISSN:17265878                                                                        DOI:10.1596/9780821380659
                                                                                             
                                                                                             Coverpicture,MultigradeteachingwithP6andP7inBusangaschool,Uganda.
                                                                                             
                                                                                             LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData
                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Uganda,Senegal,and
                                                                                             MultigradeteachinginSubSaharanAfrica:lessonsfrom
                                                                                             theGambia/WorldBank.
                                                                                             p.cm.(WorldBankworkingpaper;no.173)
                                                                                             Includesbibliographicalreferences.
                                                                                             ISBN9780821380659ISBN9780821380765(electronic)
                                                                                             1.CombinationofgradesAfrica,SubSaharanCasestudies.2.EducationAfrica,
                                                                                             SubSaharanCasestudies.I.WorldBank.
                                                                                             LB1029.C53M8562009
                                                                                             371.250967dc22
                                                                                              2009023098
                                                                                             
                                                WWEB_WP_173_print_8-07-09_IrishAid_logo.pdf   2EB_WP_173_print_8-07-09_IrishAid_logo.pdf   2                                                                                                                                                                                                                               88/7/2009   12:01:14 PM/7/2009   12:01:14 PM
                                                                                             Contents
                                                                                             Foreword..................................................................................................................................... v 
                                                                                             Acknowledgments...................................................................................................................vi 
                                                                                             AbbreviationsandAcronyms.............................................................................................. vii 
                                                                                             ExecutiveSummary............................................................................................................... viii 
                                                                                             1.Introduction............................................................................................................................ 1 
                                                                                             2.RelevanceofMultigradeTeachinginSubSaharanAfrica........................................... 2 
                                                                                                           EducationforAll................................................................................................................. 2 
                                                                                                           SchoolAccessinRemoteAreas......................................................................................... 3 
                                                                                                           WorldwideUseofMultigradeTeaching......................................................................... 5 
                                                                                                           AssociatedBenefitsofMultigradeTeaching................................................................... 6 
                                                                                             3.TheNatureofMultigradeTeaching.................................................................................. 9 
                                                                                                           AlternativestoMultigradeStrategies.............................................................................. 9 
                                                                                                           OrganizationofMultigradeTeaching............................................................................ 11 
                                                                                             4.MultigradeSchoolinginPractice..................................................................................... 13 
                                                                                                           Uganda............................................................................................................................... 13 
                                                                                                           Senegal................................................................................................................................ 16 
                                                                                                           TheGambia........................................................................................................................ 18 
                                                                                             5.PolicyIssuesforMultigradeEducation.......................................................................... 21 
                                                                                                           CurriculumFlexibility...................................................................................................... 21 
                                                                                                           ClassSize............................................................................................................................ 23 
                                                                                                           SchoolManagement......................................................................................................... 23 
                                                                                                           TeachingandLearningResources.................................................................................. 24 
                                                                                                           TheInvolvementandSupportofParentsandtheCommunity................................. 25 
                                                                                                           FinancialImplications...................................................................................................... 26 
                                                                                             6.Recommendations............................................................................................................... 28 
                                                                                                           TeacherPerceptionofMultigradeTeaching................................................................. 28 
                                                                                                           TeacherTraining............................................................................................................... 28 
                                                                                                           ProfessionalSupport........................................................................................................ 29 
                                                                                                           TeacherRetention............................................................................................................. 30 
                                                                                             7.Conclusion............................................................................................................................ 32 
                                                                                             References................................................................................................................................. 36 
                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   iii 
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...World bank working paper no africa human development series public disclosure authorizedpublic authorizedmultigrade teaching in sub saharan lessons from uganda senegal and the gambia aidan g mulkeen cathal higgins authorized multigrade region department wweb wp print irishaid logo pdf eb pm copyright international for reconstruction h street n w washington d c u s a all rights reserved manufactured united states of america first printing august printed on recycled papers are published to communicate results banks work community with least possible delay manuscript this therefore has not been prepared accordance procedures appropriate formally edited texts some sources cited may be informal documents that readily available findings interpretations conclusions expressed herein those author do necessarily reflect views its affiliated organizations or executive directors governments they represent does guarantee accuracy data included boundaries colors denominations other information shown...
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