COMMON CLINICAL CONDITIONS AND MINOR AILMENTS
                                                                       COMMON CLINICAL CONDITIONS AND MINOR AILMENTS
                              CONTENTS
                              ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS                                                                3
                               1  ABOUT THIS PACKAGE                                                          4
                              2  GASTRO-INTESTINAL SYSTEM                                                     9
                                 2.1   Dyspepsia                                                             10 
                                 2.2   Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD)                              14 
                                 2.3   Colic                                                                  17 
                                 2.4   Constipation                                                          20 
                                 2.5   Diarrhoea                                                             25 
                                 2.6   Irritable bowel syndrome                                              30 
                                 2.7   Haemorrhoids (piles)                                                  32 
                                 Case studies                                                                35 
                                 Suggested responses to gastro-intestinal activities                         36
                              3  RESPIRATORY SYSTEM                                                          39
                                 3.1   Cough                                                                 40 
                                 3.2   Cold                                                                  46 
                                 3.3   Hayfever (seasonal allergic rhinitis)                                 50 
                                 Case studies                                                                53 
                                 Suggested responses to respiratory activities                               54
                              4  CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM                                                      57
                                 4.1   Pain relief                                                           58 
                                 4.2   Teething in children                                                  61 
                                 4.3   Musculoskeletal pain – strains, sprains and bruises                   62 
                                 4.4   Headache and migraine                                                 66 
                                 4.5   Sleep problems                                                         71 
                                 4.6   Travel sickness                                                       73 
                                 Case studies                                                                74 
                                 Suggested responses to central nervous system activities                    75
                              5  INFECTIONS AND INFESTATIONS                                                 77
                                 5.1   Threadworm                                                            78 
                                 5.2   Head lice                                                             80 
                                 5.3   Scabies                                                               84 
                                 5.4a  Herpes simplex                                                        87 
                                 5.4b  Shingles                                                              89 
                                 5.5   Fungal skin infections                                                92 
                                      5.5a   Athlete’s foot                                                  93 
                                      5.5b   Fungal nail infections                                          96 
                                      5.5c   Ringworm                                                        98 
                                      5.5d   Sweat rash                                                     100 
                                 5.6   Impetigo                                                             101 
                                 5.7   Other bacterial skin infections                                      103 
                                 5.8   Childhood infections                                                 104 
                                 Case studies                                                               105 
                                                                                                            106
                                 Suggested responses to infection activities
                                                                                                                                  1
              NHS EDUCATION FOR SCOTLAND
                                              6  OBSTETRICS, GYNAECOLOGY AND URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS  109
                                                   6.1   Lower urinary tract infection                                                                                       110 
                                                   6.2   Vaginal thrush (vulvovaginal candidiasis)                                                                           115 
                                                   6.3   Vaginal dryness (atrophic vaginitis)                                                                                118 
                                                   6.4   Dysmenorrhoea                                                                                                      120 
                                                   Case studies                                                                                                              123 
                                                   Suggested responses to obstetrics, gynaecology                                                                                  
                                                   and urinary tract infection activities                                                                                   124
                                               7  EYES, EARS AND ORAL HEALTH                                                                                                127
                                                   7.1    Conjunctivitis                                                                                                    128 
                                                   7.2   Dry eye                                                                                                             131 
                                                   7.3   Ear care – ear wax and ear infections                                                                              134 
                                                   7.4   Mouth ulcers (aphthous ulcers)                                                                                      137 
                                                   7.5   Dry mouth (xerostomia)                                                                                              141 
                                                   7.6   Oropharyngeal candidiasis                                                                                          142 
                                                   7.7   Axial cheilitis (angular stomatitis)                                                                               144 
                                                   7.8   Sore throat                                                                                                        145 
                                                   Case studies                                                                                                             148 
                                                   Suggested responses to eye, ear and  
                                                   oral health activities                                                                                                   150
                                              8  SKIN 151
                                                   8.1   Eczema                                                                                                              152 
                                                   8.2   Contact dermatitis                                                                                                 156 
                                                   8.3   Seborrhoeic scalp conditions, cradle cap                                                                           158 
                                                   8.4   Psoriasis                                                                                                          160 
                                                   8.5   Urticaria                                                                                                          163 
                                                   8.6   Warts and verrucas                                                                                                 165 
                                                   8.7   Nappy rash                                                                                                         168 
                                                   8.8   Acne vulgaris                                                                                                       170 
                                                   8.9   Burns and scalds                                                                                                    172 
                                                   8.10  Sunburn                                                                                                             174 
                                                   8.11   Bites and stings                                                                                                   177 
                                                   Case studies                                                                                                             182 
                                                   Suggested responses to skin activities                                                                                   183
                                             APPENDICES 185
                                                   Appendix 1: Resources                                                                                                    186 
                                                   Appendix 2: Abbreviations                                                                                                188 
                                                   Appendix 3: A summary of childhood infections                                                                            189
                                             MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONNAIRE                                                                                                  191
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                                  COMMON CLINICAL CONDITIONS AND MINOR AILMENTS
             ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
             Principal author 
             Dr Emily Kennedy, PhD MRPharmS
             Contributing authors 
             Rona Honnet, Principal Clinical Pharmacist, Deputy Head of Pharmacy, Wishaw 
             General Hospital 
             Fiona Woodley, Practice Education Co-ordinator (North region), NHS Education 
             for Scotland (NES)
             Photographs in the skin module kindly supplied by www.dermquest.com
             While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of these materials, 
             neither NHS Education for Scotland, nor external contributors shall have any 
             liability to any person or entity with respect to liability, loss or damage caused or 
             alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by the information therein.
             2008 VERSION CONTRIBUTORS:
             Principal author 
             Dr Emily Kennedy, PhD MRPharmS
             Contributing author 
             Dr John Clyde, General Practitioner
             Project manager 
             Dr Leon Zlotos, Principal Lead Educational Development - Professional 
             Development, NES
             Editing and proof reading 
             Val Findlay, Chief Pharmacy Technician, National Co-ordinator for Support Staff 
             Educational Development, NES
             Paul Gunnion, Independent Editor
             Community pharmacists who piloted the pack: 
             Barbara Luke, Joyce Hayden, Caroline Hannah, Seonaid Campbell and Margaret 
             Bingham.
             Published 2016
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