www.pwc.co.uk                           
                    
                   The value of 
                   community 
                   pharmacy – 
                   detailed report 
                   PSNC 
       September 2016 
        
        
                    
                    
        The value of community pharmacy 
    
        Contents 
        Key findings ................................................................................................................................................................... i 
        Glossary ........................................................................................................................................................................ iv 
        Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................... 7 
        Context ........................................................................................................................................................................... 7 
        Report structure ............................................................................................................................................................ 7 
        Public health ................................................................................................................................................................. 9 
        Emergency hormonal contraception services ............................................................................................................10 
        1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................10 
        2. Description of activity .............................................................................................................................................10 
        3. Contribution of community pharmacy ................................................................................................................... 12 
        4. Approach to estimating contribution of community pharmacy ........................................................................... 14 
        5. Key results and sensitivities ................................................................................................................................... 22 
        Needle and syringe programmes ............................................................................................................................... 26 
        1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................ 26 
        2. Description of activity ............................................................................................................................................ 26 
        3. Contribution of community pharmacy .................................................................................................................. 29 
        4. Approach to estimating contribution of community pharmacy .......................................................................... 30 
        5. Key results and sensitivities ................................................................................................................................... 40 
        Supervised consumption services .............................................................................................................................. 47 
        1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................ 47 
        2. Description of activity ............................................................................................................................................ 47 
        3. Contribution of community pharmacy .................................................................................................................. 49 
        4. Approach to estimating contribution of community pharmacy .......................................................................... 50 
        5. Key results and sensitivities .................................................................................................................................... 61 
        Self-care support......................................................................................................................................................... 66 
        Minor ailments advice ................................................................................................................................................ 67 
        1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................ 67 
        2. Description of activity ............................................................................................................................................ 67 
        3. Contribution of community pharmacy .................................................................................................................. 68 
        4. Approach to estimating the contribution of community pharmacy .................................................................... 70 
        5. Key results and sensitivities ................................................................................................................................... 78 
        Medicines support ...................................................................................................................................................... 83 
                                                                                
         
        The value of community pharmacy 
    
        Managing prescribing errors/clarifying prescriptions ............................................................................................. 84 
        1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................ 84 
        2. Description of service ............................................................................................................................................. 84 
        3. Contribution of community pharmacy .................................................................................................................. 85 
        4. Approach to estimating contribution of community pharmacy .......................................................................... 87 
        5. Key results and sensitivities ................................................................................................................................... 96 
        Medicines adjustments ............................................................................................................................................ 100 
        1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................... 100 
        2. Description of activity .......................................................................................................................................... 100 
        3. Contribution of community pharmacy ................................................................................................................ 102 
        4. Approach to estimating the contribution of community pharmacy .................................................................. 102 
        5. Key results and sensitivities ..................................................................................................................................105 
        Delivering prescriptions ............................................................................................................................................ 107 
        1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................... 107 
        2. Description of activity ........................................................................................................................................... 107 
        3. Contribution of community pharmacy ................................................................................................................ 108 
        4. Approach to estimating contribution of community pharmacy ........................................................................ 109 
        5. Key results and sensitivities ................................................................................................................................... 111 
        Managing drug shortages .......................................................................................................................................... 114 
        1.  Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................... 114 
        2.  Description of activity .......................................................................................................................................... 114 
        3.  Contribution of community pharmacy ............................................................................................................... 115 
        4.  Approach to estimating the contribution of community pharmacy .................................................................. 116 
        5.  Key results and sensitivities ................................................................................................................................ 122 
        Sustaining supply of medicines in emergencies ...................................................................................................... 126 
        1.  Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................... 126 
        2.  Description of activity .......................................................................................................................................... 126 
        3.  Contribution of community pharmacy ............................................................................................................... 129 
        4.  Approach to estimating contribution of community pharmacy ........................................................................ 129 
        5.  Key results and sensitivities ................................................................................................................................ 136 
        Medicines Use Reviews (MUR) ................................................................................................................................ 141 
        1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................... 141 
        2. Description of activity ........................................................................................................................................... 141 
        3. Contribution of community pharmacy ................................................................................................................. 142 
        4. Approach to estimating contribution of community pharmacy ......................................................................... 142 
                                                                                
         
        The value of community pharmacy 
    
        5. Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................................ 146 
        New Medicine Service (NMS) ................................................................................................................................... 147 
        1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................... 147 
        2. Description of activity ........................................................................................................................................... 147 
        3. Contribution of community pharmacy ................................................................................................................ 148 
        4. Approach to estimating contribution of community pharmacy ........................................................................ 148 
        5. Key results and sensitivities .................................................................................................................................. 149 
        Appendix 1 – PSNC/PwC Pharmacy survey ............................................................................................................. 151 
        Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 151 
        Questionnaire ............................................................................................................................................................ 151 
        Survey results ............................................................................................................................................................. 152 
        Respondent profile .................................................................................................................................................... 153 
        Appendix 2 – PSNC/PwC Data collection ................................................................................................................ 156 
        Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 156 
        Data collection form .................................................................................................................................................. 156 
        Results of the data collection .................................................................................................................................... 157 
        Respondent profile .................................................................................................................................................... 158 
        Appendix 3 - Estimating the volume of locally commissioned services ................................................................. 161 
        Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 161 
        Approach to estimating the scale of provision ......................................................................................................... 161 
        Appendix 4 - Valuing time savings ........................................................................................................................... 165 
        Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 165 
        Average distance and average journey time ............................................................................................................. 165 
        Average consultation time......................................................................................................................................... 169 
        Value of time .............................................................................................................................................................. 170 
        Valuation areas not assessed .................................................................................................................................... 171 
        Appendix 5 – Valuing wellbeing ............................................................................................................................... 173 
        Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 173 
        Approach .................................................................................................................................................................... 173 
        Results ........................................................................................................................................................................ 173 
        Appendix 6 - Pharmacy staff time and costs ............................................................................................................ 174 
        Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 174 
        Approach .................................................................................................................................................................... 174 
        References .................................................................................................................................................................. 176